LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Botanical Name : Oryza sativa L
English : Rice / Paddy
Hindi : Dhan / Chawal
India ramah hian Hybrid buh 35 lai a awm ve tawh a. 35 zinga 26 chu public sector release a ni a, chutih laiin a dangte chu private sector release a ni thung. Chutiang deuh chuan 35 zinga 22 te hi State Variety Release Committee-te release a ni a, a dang 13 te hi Central Variety Release Committee in a release te an ni.
India ram mihring pung chak em em leh mipui zaa 70 (%) zet chaw atana buh ringtu awmna ramah hian buh thar tam a ngaiin thar hlawk a tul teh meuh mai a. Chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan hybrid buh chin hi a ni a, chuvangin National Food Security Mission (NFSM) component pawimawh tak pakhat a lo ni ta hial a. India ramah hian hybrid rice research mumal taka tan chu kum 1989 atang khan a ni.
Theihtawp chhuaha research lama tan lak anih avangin hybrid rice 35 kan lo nei thei ta a, hybrid rice-ah chuan khawvelah China dawt kan lo ni ta hial a. Hybrid rice release hmasak ber kum 1994 atanga kum 15 a ral hnu kum 2008 khan hybrid buh hectare nuai 14 laiah chin a lo ni ta, chu chu ram puma buh chinna hmun za zela 2.6 (%) a ni.
Hybrid rice thatna leh hlawkna tel turin a chin dan leh enkawl dan dik taka tih hi a pawimawh. A chinna hmun a zirin a enkawl dan pawh hi hmun hrang hrangah a danglam bawk. Hybrid buh chi hi a to deuh em avangin ren taka chin a ngai a, chumi atan chuan a chi kûi dan leh a phun dan tur bik zawm a tul.
A CHIN HUN :
Hybrid buh te hi khawlum lutuk leh khawvawt lutuk paltlang lo tura chin hun dik ruahman a ngai a, hei hi a vuih tan leh a par lai atan a tul zual a ni.
Table 3 :
| Buh chin hun (Season) | A chi kui hun(Nusery Preparation) | A phunsawn hun(Transplanting) |
|---|---|---|
| Fur (Kharif) | June chawlhkar khatnaatanga kar thumna | July chawlhkar khatnaatanga kar thumna |
| Thlasik (Rabi) | November chawlhkar hnihna atanga kar li na | December chawlhkar hnihna atanga kar li na |
Note: A chi kûi leh phun sawn hun hi a hmun leh a hun a zirin a dang hret thei.
THIL MAMAWHTE :
Hybrid buh chin dawn chuan hectare khatah buh chi kg 15 chauh a ngai a, hetih lai hian buh pangngai chin dawna loneitute buh chi mamawh tam lam chu kg 40-50 lai a ni thung. A thar hlawkna atan ran zun-ek leitha leh hnimhnah tawih leitha (organic) leh chemical fertilizer te mamawh dan ang taka hman a tul.
Table 4 :
| Buh hmun hectare 1 a zau atana thil mamawh | |
| 1. Buh chi (Hybrid Seed) | 15 kgs |
| 2. Green manure or FYM | 10-15 tons |
| 3. Chemical Fertilizers | |
| Nitrogen (N) | 120-150 kgs i.e Urea 226-276 kgs |
| Phosphorous (P) | 40-60 kgs i.e DAP 87-130 kgs |
| Potash (K) | 40-60 kgs i.e MOP 67-100 kgs |
| Znic (Zn) mamawh dan a zirin | 50-60 kgs ZnSo4 kum thum dana pek tur |
Source : Lalthanzuala
MSc.(Ag) ,Agro, PG Dip.Agmark
Thlai chin dan
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Mizoram
Page No : 30 - 36
First Edition-2011
CHIKUANG SIAM DAN :
Hybrid buh chi hi a man a to em avang leh kum tin a thar lei zel a ngaih bawk avangin a chi renchem nan leh senso thlawn a awm loh nan a chi kuang siam leh a chi kûi dan fel leh mumal hi a pawimawh em em a ni. Hei vang hian buh chi chu thawl takin sq m khata 20-30 gm kûi a tawk a, hetiang anih chuan buh tiak hrisel, chak leh peng tam thei tak tur ni 20-25 a phun theih tur kan nei thei ang. Buh chi kûina (chi kuang) hi tui inpaih tha thei turin metre 1 a zau, a remchan dan anga seia siam ture FYM kg 250, Nitrogen kg 1, Phosphorous kg 0.4 leh Potash kg 0.5 chi kuang sq m 100 (m2) a zauvah pek tur a ni. Leilet hectare khat a zauva phun tur hybrid buh chi kg 15-20 darkar 12-15 tuia chiah tur. Tuia chiah hma hian buh chi chu Carbendazim (50% WP) a dawi (treat) phawt tur a ni a, buh chi kg 1 atan Carbendazim 4gm a tawk. Buh chi tuia chiahsa chu buara (saiip) ah ni 1 atanga ni 2 up tur a ni. Uluk taka siam buh chi kûina turah chuan buh chi uingho sa chu pan leh rual taka theh tur a ni. Buh chi kg 15-20 kûina tur area mamawh zau zawng hi sq m 750-1000 a ni.
Buh chi kuang hi englai mahin a ro kan phal tur a ni lova, chutianga vawng turin tui pantea chim tir tur a ni a. Buh chi kûi hnu ni 15 ah sq m 100 a zau zel atan Nitrogen leitha (urea, etc.) kg 0.5-0.8 pek tur a ni.
LEILET ENKAWL DAN :
Buh phun :
Leilet chu vawi hnih vawi thum let chhuakin kan chil kawi anga, ran zun-ek leh hnimhnah tawih leitha pek turte buh phun hma chawlhkar hnihah kan pe tur a ni. Fertilizer pek tur zat atangin Nitrogen 50%, Phosphorus zawng zawng leh Potash 75% te chu buh phun hma niin kan pe anga, rual takin leilet kan hrut (level) zui bawk tur a ni. Buh tiak ni 25-30 a upate chu bi khata 1 emaw 2 in emaw cm 2-3 a thukah phun tur a ni. A bi inhlat dan tur chu 8 X 4 inches emaw 6 X 6 inch a ni a, sq. metre khat bialah buhbi 45-50 a awm tling phak ngei tur a ni.
Hlo thlawh :
Hlo tûr Butachlor kg 2.5-3.0 vaivut (balu) kg 50-70 nena pawlhin hectare khata zauvah buh phun hnu ni 5-6 vela theh tur a ni. A tui chi a nih chuan tui nena pawlh a, a kahna hmanga kah tur. Hetianga Butachlor theh hnu hian leiletah tui inch 1 a thukin rual taka tlin tir tur a ni. Hnimhnah bial tiak tawh thah nan 2,4D hman theih a ni bawk. A tul dan a zirin a hnu lamah kutin hlo thlawh zui tur a ni.
Leitha pek :
Lei kawi laiin Urea kg 113-138, DAP kg 87-130 leh MOP kg 67-100 te hi pek a, leia kawi tel nghal tur a ni a. Urea la bang kg 113 a kg 58 hi buh pen tan tirhah rual taka theh leh tur a ni a, a chuang kg 55 erawh chu buh tul zum emaw a vuih tanah theh leh tur a ni.
Emaw, leikawi laiin Nitrogen pek tur zatve (60-75 kg), Phosphorus zawng zawng (40-60 kg) leh Potassium 3⁄4 (30-45 kg) leia leh pawlh tur a ni a. A bak Nitrogen la bang 1⁄4 kg 30-37 chu buh phun hnu ni 30-35 ah pek leh tur a ni a. A dang Nitrogen kg 30-37 leh Potash kg 10-15 chu buh phun atanga ni 70-75, buh tul zum huna pek leh tur a ni.
Tui pek :
Buh phun hlim ni 30 chhung chu tui pante a chim tir tur a ni a, a hnuah a pen vanglai takin tui inches 2 vel a thuka chim tir tur a ni. Buh peng tlai zual dang turin a pen vanglai a pelh hnuah ni 4-5 vel tui sah kang tur a ni. Buh seng hma ni 10 vel a la awmin tui paih kang tur a ni bawk.
Natna leh Rannung Chimawm :
Buh dang ang bawkin hybrid hi natna leh rannung chimawm in a tichhe ve thin. Natna leh rannung buh tichhetu lar zual laka ven dante chu :
Table 5:
| I. Diseases | ||
| I. Blast | : | * Tricyclazole 75 WP |
| * Seed treatment (2 g/kg of seed) | ||
| * Spraying (0.6 g/litre) | ||
| 2. Sheath Blight | : | * Validamycin 3L spray (2.5 ml/litre) or |
| * Propiconazole 25 EC (1 ml/litre) | ||
| 3. Bacterial Leaf Blight | : | * No chemical control |
| 4. False smut | : | * Chlorothalonil 75 WP spray (2 g/litre) |
| * Propiconazole 25 EC spray (1 ml/litre) | ||
| * Mancozeb 75 WP spray (3 g/litre) | ||
| 5. Sheath Rot | : | * Carbendazim 50 WP spray (1 g/litre) |
| *Propiconazole 25 EC spray (1 ml/litre) | ||
| II. Insect Pests | ||
| 1. Stem borer | : | Cartap spray 50 WP (0.3 kg a.i./ha) or |
| Monocrotophos spray 36 WSC (0.5 kg a.i./ha) or | ||
| Chloropyriphos spray 20 EC (0.5 kg a.i./ha) | ||
| 2. Brown plant hopper | : | Imidachloprid spray 200 SL (25 gm a.i./ha) or |
| Imidachloprid spray 200 SL (25 gm a.i./ha) or | ||
| Ethofenprox spray 10 EC (75 gm a.i./ha) | ||
| 3. Leaf folder | : | Cartap granules 4 G (0.6 kg a.i./ha) or |
| Cartap spray 50 SP (0.3 kg a.i./ha) | ||
| 4. Gall midge | : | Carbofuran or phorate granules 3G (1.0-1.25 kg a.i./ha) or |
| Chlorophyriphos granules 10G (1.0 kg a.i./ha) | ||
Buhseng Ieh Buh Vuak :
Buhvui bul lam, a thau hnaiha a fang hnuaihnung ber ho a lo khal tanin (buh vui zaa 50 a par atanga ni 20 hnu) tui sah kang tur. Buh fangte chu nghah char tur a ni. Buh chu a par atanga ni 30-35 nghah char tur a ni. Buh chu a par atanga ni 30-35 hnu a kung/a thau a la hrin laiin buh til pumpelh tura seng tur. Buh seng hian a tui (hnawng)pai chu za a 20-24 (%) a ni tur a ni. A hma thei ang bera vuak zui tur a ni, duh dan takah chuan buh ah hnuah ni khat chauh tla se a tawk. Buh vuak hnuah ni hlimah pho nise, a tui (hnawng) pai za a 12-14 (%) a nih thlenga pho ro nise, hei hi buh fai a pum that duh zawk vang leh kudamah a kawl that theih bik vang a ni (better milling quality and storage). Uluk taka hybrid buh chin hian buh thar hlawk (HYV) zinga thar tha ber ai pawhin hectare khat hmun rau rauah ton 1-1.5 in a thar tam thei zawk.
CHHÉK IN-A BUH VAWN THAT :
Buh chu den/her lovin a hum a dah tur a ni a. A tui/hnawng pai chu zaa 12-14 (%) a hniama dah tur a ni. A dahna tur hi thir leh thir lova siam a awm a, buh kan ngah dan a zirin a rem zawk zawk thlan theih a ni a, air tight a nih erawh chu a ngai. A dahna tura buh hum dah anih hmain damdawi Malathion 50 EC (l:100 a dal) square metre 100 kah nana tûr pawlh dalsa litre 3 a kah tur a ni.
Buara hlui hman a ngaih chuan Malathion hmanga tihthianghlim phawt emaw tui sova thlaka tih ro hmasak phawt tur a ni. Bag te chu awmze nei takin bang si lo, chhuat chunga thingzai thliar emaw buhpawl chhah deuhva chap chungah emaw remkhawm/tiankhawm tur a ni.
Hybrid Rice Mizorama kan lakchhuahte :
| 1 | DRRH-1 | |
|---|---|---|
| Year of Release | 1996 | |
| Duration | 130 days (medium) | |
| Released by | The Project Director | |
| Directorate of Rice Research | ||
| Rajendranagar, Hyderbad – 500030 | ||
| 040-24015120, Fax # 404-24015308 | ||
| e-mail : pdrice@drricar.org | ||
| Status of release | SVRC, Andhra Pradesh | |
| Perentage | IR 58025A/IR 40750-82-2-2-2-3R | |
| Salient features | * Semi-tall (105 cm) | |
| Non-lodging, non-shattering, suitable for | ||
| * closer planting | ||
| * Long panicles, long slender grains with | ||
| * Intermediate amylase (25%), ASV (4) | ||
| * High milling (73%) & HRR (52%) |
Yield advantage
Table 6 :
| DRRH-1 | ||
| Varietal Check (Tella Hamsa) |
| 2 | DRRH-2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Year of Release | 2005 | |
| Duration | 16 days (early) | |
| Released by | The Project Director | |
| Directorate of Rice Research | ||
| Rajendranagar, Hyderbad – 500030 | ||
| 040-24015120, Fax # 404-24015308 | ||
| e-mail : pdrice@drricar.org | ||
| Status of release | CVRC | |
| Perentage | IR 68897A/DR 714-1-2R | |
| Salient features | * Semi-dwarf (90 cm) | |
| * Non-lodging, fertilizer responsive | ||
| * Long slender grains with intermediate | ||
| Amylase (25%) and high alkali value (6) | ||
| * High milling (73%) & HRR (63%) | ||
| Special features | ||
| (if any) | * Performs well in rainfed upland, coastal | |
| Saline/alkaline conditions & fits well for | ||
| Rice-wheat system in North-Western region | ||
| * Found promising in Delhi, Assam, | ||
| Chattisgarh, M.P., Orissa, Gujarat and U.P. | ||
| based on MLT performance. | ||
Yield advantage :
Table 7 :
| DRRH-2 | ||
| Hybrid Check (PSD-1) | ||
| Varietal Check (Annada) | ||
| Local Check |
| 3 | KRH-2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Year of Release | 1996 | |
| Duration | 125 – 130 days (mid - early) | |
| Released by | The Zonal Agricultural Research Station,V. C. Farm, MANDYA – 571405, Karnataka | |
| Phone : 08232-277147 (O) | ||
| Fax : 08232-277392/277227 | ||
| Status of release | CVRC | |
| Perentage | IR 58025A/KMR-3R | |
| Salient features | * Semi tall (110 cm) | |
| * Non-lodging, non-shattering | ||
| * Long bold grains with high amylase | ||
| (27%), low ASV (2.2) | ||
| * High milling (73%) & HRR (57%) | ||
| Special features | ||
| (if any) | * Stable and widely adapted hybrid across the country | |
| * Performs well in boro and inland saline conditions. | ||
| * Found suitable under aerobic conditions also. | ||
Yield advantage :
Table 8 :
| KRH-2 | ||
| Varietal Check(Jaya) |